AP: China will overtake the United States won 48 medals in the Olympic supremacy
the beginning of year, about 2008 have been much conjecture, however, that the Beijing Olympic Games 28, 302 gold medals in turn Whispering Who, but it is the most talked about and the most difficult to guess. a dream shines into reality, look up the dream or reality, less than 24 August, will never be the answer.
vast majority of Chinese people's Olympic memories starting from 1984. Los Angeles from 1984 to 2004 in Athens, 20, marshes .6 Olympic Games, Chinese sports delegation shared the 112 gold medals, was born 129 Olympic champion.
48 or 41 ? the first or second?
Athens Olympics, the Chinese Olympic team boarded the first of 32 gold medals table second. and the gap between the top of the U.S. delegation is only 3 gold .2008 Beijing Olympics, the opportunity is at hand, China is The gold showing growing momentum, almost equal to the United States, but instead, much beyond the determination.
for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, as the host country China has not officially disclosed the total number of gold medal predictions. But the aspects of China's Olympic gold medal in this year's total speculation has long been released. The Associated Press predicted that China will win 48 gold medals to replace the United States, the board first in the world. On the contrary, that although China will get 41 gold medals, the United States with 45 gold medals still Wenna first. Taken together, these forecasts, we can see the 2008 Beijing Olympics, China and the United States are more than 40 gold medals on the basis of a heated battle for top spot.
traditional strengths we have to play to the limit
302 events each scan, not difficult to find, the United States in track and field, swimming, rowing, basketball, boxing and many other projects are thriving, showing strong overall strength, and no one can. especially in athletics, swimming dominance of the two major items, it is beyond doubt. the last two Olympics, the United States in swimming, track and field gold medal of their gold medals on more than half. In addition, the Athens Olympics, the United States on 16 major items of gold accounted for, the project reached 20 medals, gold point is the most widely covered sports superpower.
contrast, China In table tennis, badminton, diving, weightlifting, shooting five major items in the leading position, but also Yiqijuechen. Athens Olympic Games, China has 20 gold projects accounted for. But track and field, swimming and canoeing the three the basis for most gold medals major items of gold in China is only a 4. At present, China is not changed in this regard, the key to the gold medal in Athens lies beyond the traditional strengths, such as Table Tennis, Badminton, Diving can be achieved taking into success the key. but at the same time, need to address is the number of gold medals of these traditional items have been stretched to the limit, almost no potential to be tapped.
United States is prepared to throw the first low-key U.S. Olympic Committee Chief Executive Officer
Shell still believes that the U.S. delegation had to do was throw away the gold medal at the Beijing Games first major preparation. Sher said that the Chinese athletes in the recent World Championships in all kinds of outstanding performance, may be declared In the Olympics, the Chinese Olympic Games since 1988 increased 5 gold medals in 2004 Olympics 32 gold medals.
Sunday, December 26, 2010
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
Outline of Modern Chinese History (Chapter 1-5) short-answer discussion
The first chapter of the struggle against foreign aggression
Second, short answer
1, China's social crisis in the late feudal society, the performance of the late Qianlong
former also appeared the the rise and fall. There are five aspects of their performance, before the period of all three aspects, such as, politically, to strengthen centralized, bureaucratic negligence that overall corruption, corrupt bureaucracy. Economically, land acquisition serious usurious rent increase, no land less and less farmers to increase, farmers living in poverty state. military, military decline, arms lax. Banners Army Green Standard Army was no fighting corruption. ideology and culture, with the taste of foreign domination of Manchu, Daxing literary inquisition, suppression of heresy, and immobility. External Relations on the implementation of a policy of seclusion, almost in a state of isolation.
fact, the crisis of the Qing dynasties, like all previous, there have been signs of regime change, but history has not given China the opportunity to create another feudal dynasty. big world frame of reference has changed, the arrival of Western capitalism, will change the fate of China.
2, why the first Opium War in 1840 is the beginning of modern Chinese history
from 1840 to 1949, China has gradually formed and deepened evolved to do for the semi-feudal state.
first of the semi-colonial. This is from the perspective of political sovereignty. violations of sovereignty, territorial integrity had been damaged and no fact, became a country its name.
Secondly, of the semi-feudal. This is the deconstruction of the economic base and economic perspective. (1) feudal self-sufficient economy began to disintegrate, the commodity economy to a certain degree of development, the Chinese agricultural economy has become dependent on the world capitalist market a part of. (2) stimulation of capitalism in the West, China's urban and rural areas into the capitalist production relations and to be developed.
3, semi-feudal society is characterized by what?
(1) capital of the empire Marxist control the lifeline of China's economic and political decision and dominate China.
(2) China's feudal forces had colluded with the aggressors, one is the oppression of the Chinese people's social powers and the rule of basic pillars.
(3) Although the natural economy destroyed, but the landlord still land ownership.
(4) Although the production of capitalism in China and have some development, but still weak, did not become the main body of China's economy.
(5) China's political and economic development is highly imbalance, China's internal disunity. This struggle of imperialism and capital m and indirect control, and the local agricultural economy of China on the basis of local separatist, China is a vast and so on.
(6) of the Chinese people and people living in extreme political power impoverishment.
4, the characteristics of the Chinese national bourgeoisie
(1) divided into upper and lower middle class.
(2) two features and a double personality. On the one hand by the Emperor, sealing pressure, certain conditions can take part in anti-imperialist anti-sealing under the revolution, or remain neutral. On the other hand, due to weak, with the Emperor, letters are inextricably linked, the struggle against the lack of thoroughness.
(3) the national bourgeoisie can not lead in China democratic revolution to victory.
5, the formation and characteristics of the Chinese working class What?
sources characteristics: born in a foreign enterprise in China, the Chinese bourgeoisie than the older age and qualifications, social base and larger social forces.
the Chinese working class to its own characteristics: �� by the Emperor, letters, capital triple oppression, more revolutionary. �� despite fewer, but the relative concentration of (geographically concentrated in the coastal ports along the Yangtze River city mainly concentrated on the industry in the textile, mining, railways, shipping, etc.), easy to organize and form a revolutionary force; �� mostly from bankrupt farmers, and farmers have natural links, easy to form worker-peasant alliance. Therefore, the Chinese working class and the most advanced , the most revolutionary and most powerful.
6, modern struggle against foreign aggression the Chinese people what is the cause repeated failures?
1840-1919 years of struggle against foreign aggression have failed because:
(1) the social system of corruption. This is the root cause. Qing Dynasty rule after entering the modern, social system unchanged and more corruption. even after collusion with the invaders, the majority of Chinese people as the main enemy. people patriotic officers and soldiers against aggression, and therefore the resistance often leads to failure. (2) economic and technological backwardness of the Chinese people against aggression are an important reason for the failure. Western industrial revolution, rapid economic, technological and military equipment development, China's GDP is small, industrial technological backwardness will certainly vulnerable to attack. will inevitably affect the economic and technological backwardness of weaponry, military quality, comprehensive strength and so far inferior.
three essay questions
1, the establishment of the Western capitalist system and the colonial expansion China's threat
(1) the establishment of the capitalist system and the Industrial Revolution .1640 bourgeois revolution in Britain marked the world into the capitalist era. the United States and France have established the capitalist system. the capitalist system established after the industrial revolution. highly efficient production of large machines to replace the original workshop production of the low efficiency of the manual.
(2) expansion of capitalism and the inevitable contact. capitalist commodity production needs raw materials and product markets, capitalism system in place, the Western capitalist countries through colonialism, the military, political, economic and cultural invasion of their country into a way to put some part of the capitalist market. China has become the object of the fate of its expansion has been inevitable, war is inevitable. < br> 2, the two major conflicts in modern Chinese society and its relationship
comparing a pair of contradictions of feudal society, modern Chinese society added a pair. expressed as: the contradiction between imperialism and the Chinese nation, and the masses of feudalism contradiction. before a contradiction is the contradiction between the most important contradictions. the movement of the contradiction between the two throughout the semi-feudal society, determines the development and changes in Chinese society.
the relationship between two contradictions: different times show different state, if any to resolve ethnic conflicts is the main object. such as the previous war against aggression and the Boxer Rebellion. sometimes presented as the main contradiction of class contradictions, such as the Taiping peasant uprisings and Revolution. sometimes collusion between the two work together, such as the suppression of the Taiping peasant movement.
3, in modern times the two major historical tasks facing the Chinese people and their relationship
(1) the nature of semi-feudal society and the principal contradiction, the decision of the two major historical tasks.
(2) two historical mission of the statements: First, obtain national independence and liberation of the people; the second is to achieve national prosperity and people prosperity.
(3) the relationship between
difference: the main, the content is different. The former want to change the national oppressed, exploited the people of the status and condition, from the overthrow rule of semi-feudal social order, and solve the problem of the relations of production; which is to change the modern cultural and social backwardness of China's economic status and the state is to fully develop modern national industry and commerce to address the productivity problem.
contact: completion of the first major task is to create conditions for the second task is completed.
the one hand, the former is a prerequisite, only the realization of national independence and liberation of the people to repeal the powers to impose unequal treaties in order to overthrow the feudal autocratic system, change the comprador and feudal production relations, the liberation of productive forces, opening up the road toward modernization.
other hand, the fight for national independence and liberation of the ultimate goal is to make China's modernization, to achieve national prosperity and people's common prosperity of the Chinese nation independent nations of the world.
4, from the Opium War to the Chinese people before the Revolution of the performance of the awakening of national consciousness
doctor before the Opium War and the general concept of the Chinese people: towards a kingdom of heaven.
After the Opium War began to gradually change, resulting in the awakening of national consciousness, its performance and the process is:
(1) Learn the length of Technology from the Western ideas and thoughts generated Early Reformers: Lin Zexu: Modern China eyes open to see the world first. Wei: Editor against foreign aggression. to create a place in modern China and the West to learn the first of its kind. Westernization Movement in Ma Jianzhong, Wang Tao, Zheng Guanying and other early Reformation thought, advocating reform of feudal autocracy.
(2) national salvation and rejuvenation of the slogans shouted out: Sino, Chinese people began to universal awakening of national consciousness. Fu revitalizing the Chinese nation, the history of the various classes of Chinese drama staged this.
second chapter of the national way of early exploration
Second, the short answer questions
1, how to assess the Field System, 1) by the narrow horizons. it is pursuing is a small cottage industry of agriculture combined with the natural economy is not the eyes of a small farmers circulation of commodities, commodity exchange and the mean absolute ideal society. Therefore, this social ideal, is not realistic fantasy. of the feudal system has negative meaning, but not constructive.
2, how to evaluate Tianjing to put forward the program, but did not involve the issue of farmers and throughout the land, does not mean that the original movement direction of the peasant class. The fatal weakness, decided from the beginning of this program on the lack of implementation of the class basis and social conditions.
3, the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and brief lessons
(1) the root cause of failure: a lack of leadership of the advanced class. peasant class is not a new representative of productive forces and production relations, with the class of small producers inherent limitations.
(2) the specific reasons (root causes of the external appearance) can not be made complete and correct political and social reform program is not scientific theory. can not long maintain the unity of leadership, unable to stop the phenomenon of corruption within the ruling group and feudal hierarchy thought the breeding in foreign issues, the foreign capitalist powers of the lack of rational understanding of real aggression.
(3) Lessons learned: the occurrence and failure of the Taiping Rebellion that, in the semi-feudal society, the farmers have The great revolutionary force, but it can not assume leadership of the struggle against imperialism and feudalism responsibility victory.
4, the failure of the Westernization Movement What?
(1) has a feudal Westernization Movement. Westernization Movement guidance thought is semi-feudal process of increasingly grave situation, the more positive the introduction of Western purpose.
(3) foreign affairs of the enterprise management has decayed. Westernization enterprises run by the management is still new to the feudal bureaucratic style of management, so that enterprises lack the Westernization vigor and vitality.
(4) the persistence of the Qing ruling forces in the block is one of the reasons.
5, outlined the reasons for the failure of the Hundred Days Reform Movement and lessons
(1) main reasons: the failure of the Hundred Days Reform Movement is the main reason limitations of their own class reformers (the Chinese national capitalist economic power is very weak, very narrow social basis of the national bourgeoisie, which is the root cause) and the Empress Dowager Cixi's conservative forces, led by strong opposition.
(2) specific Reason: not deny feudalism. in politics can not simply deny the feudal monarchy; economy did not touch on the economic base of feudalism feudal land ownership mm; thought by Confucius in the name of illusions. has always been his dream to help the reforms of the Western powers. divorced from the masses. Reformists limited range of activities, basically limited to some bureaucratic literati and intellectuals, did not get the support of the masses. and fear of the people. < br> 3) Lessons learned: the Hundred Days Reform is China's national bourgeoisie political arena for the first time show. Reformative not only exposed the failure of the weakness of this class, but also that in the semi-feudal China, the attempt by the rulers the road to improved top-down, is not feasible. in order to achieve national independence, democracy, prosperity, must be a means of revolution.
three essay questions
1, Shishu Taiping peasant struggle While the historical significance of the Taiping Rebellion
failed, but it has important historical significance.
First, it dealt a heavy blow of the feudal ruling class, strongly shook the foundation of the rule of the Qing government. (1) from the size, duration (14 years), affecting the depth of the point of view, are larger than all previous peasant uprising. (2) under the influence of the Taiping Rebellion, the uprising around the surging anti-ethnic groups (such as Heaven and Earth will revolt, and ethnic groups Nien Rebellion uprisings, etc.). accelerate the process of decline of the Qing dynasty.
Second, it is the peak of the old peasant war, with a different from the previous history of peasant wars of the new features. (1) peak: the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established its own regime, proposed the , reflecting the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with a history of war is different from the characteristics of farmers in the past.
third, severely criticized the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Confucius and the Confucian classics, to some extent weakened the feudal rule of the spiritual pillar. (contact characteristics of feudal society to understand the cultural characteristics of )
Fourth, the Taiping peasant war against a powerful foreign invading forces. Taiping leaders rejected the unequal treaties prohibited the opium trade. collusion among the common foreign reactionary forces suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the soldiers waged a heroic struggle. < br> Fifth, in the mid-19th century national liberation movements in Asia, the Taiping peasant wars are the longest, largest, it and other Asian countries converge with the national liberation movements, the impact of Western colonial rule in Asia .
2, Shishu historical role of the Westernization Movement
(1) an objective to promote the early Chinese industry and the development of national capitalism. Westernization inherited Wei Yuan's ; of ideology, the beginning of modern education. In order to develop new diplomatic, military, scientific and technological personnel, a number of new schools opened Westernization, sent the first official school students, this is the beginning of modern education in China.
(3) dissemination of new knowledge, to open people's horizons. Westernization of a number of Western books in translation, introducing modern Western scientific and cultural knowledge, to bring China to the then new knowledge, new knowledge, broaden people's horizons.
(4) caused changes in social values and the values. With the rise of the Westernization Movement and the emergence of the capitalist mode of production, traditional values are under attack, it has also changed social atmosphere conducive to the development of capitalism, social atmosphere conducive to change.
3, Shishu Hundred Days Hundred Days reform movement Reform Movement significance
failed, but with the progress and impact of historical significance.
(1) Hundred Days Reform Movement was a patriotic movement for national salvation. Reformists in imminent danger, and divide the moment of crisis around the corner to come forward and set off a political reform survival, and safeguard national independence and national salvation movement of capitalist development, reflecting the requirements of the times.
(2) the Hundred Days Reform movement (China earliest) the nature of a bourgeois political reform movement. broke through the Westernization to succeed, but in the (new point of view) the impact of the feudal system.
(3) the Hundred Days Reform Movement is a the Enlightenment. reformers vigorously spread of Western social and political theory, natural rights of publicity, freedom, equality, social evolution, ideas, criticism of feudal monarchy and the feudal Gangchanglunli is conducive to democratic ideas spread in China. driven by the reformers, the formation of a wide range of cultural reform movement, and the development of modern education has played a positive role.
( 4) reform of social conduct in the Hundred Days Reform movement also has the meaning can not be underestimated. reformists and women's advocates get rid of opium and other bad habits of foot-binding, advocated br> Chapter III Revolution
Second, short answer
1, how to look at the nature of the Provisional Government Republic of China.
Republic of the nature of a bourgeois revolutionary regime.
(1) in the composition of on the control of the bourgeois revolutionary regime.'s Revolutionary Party and the Alliance members in important sectors of the government as the main duties.
(2) in the implementation of the various political, economic cultural and social policy measures, embodies the wishes and interests of the Chinese national bourgeoisie, but also to some extent in line with the interests of the Chinese people
(3) domestic and foreign aspects of the interim government in Nanjing limitations. First recognized by the Qing government and the powers given all unequal treaties and the all the debt owed. The second is not proposed to meet the requirements of farmers of land policies and measures
2, Revolution Revolution
the historical significance of the victory was a more complete sense of the bourgeois democratic revolution, the Chinese people for national salvation and survival rejuvenating the Chinese nation as a milestone of great historical significance.
(1) revolution overthrew the rule of the Qing dynasty in China, a heavy blow to the reactionary forces and foreign rule in China. for the development of the revolutionary struggle of the Chinese people has opened up road.
(2) Revolution ended two thousand years of feudal rule in China, autocratic monarchy, the establishment of China's first republican government of a bourgeois, so the idea is catching on democratic republic.
(3) Revolution is also an ideological liberation movement. Revolution the ideological progress and open the door to national consciousness.
(4) Revolution to promote social, economic, social customs and habits of thought, new changes have taken place.
( 5) Revolution against the imperialist forces in China, the Asian countries to promote the upsurge of national liberation movements.
3, outlined the struggle against the Northern Warlords
(1) launched the Chinese Revolutionary Party: the assassination of opposition to Yuan Song Jiaoren and the Tokyo formally established the Chinese Revolutionary Party.
(2) protect the country and the war started. to oppose Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, Cai E December 25, 1915, Cai E declared independence in Yunnan, Protection Movement broke out on March 22 .1916 , Yuan cancel monarchy.
(3) law enforcement campaign launched: to restore and protect the Republic of China and the the old democratic revolution in China's end. indicates that the Chinese people's revolutionary struggle against imperialism and feudalism will have to enter a new stage of development.
two essay questions
1, Shishu Three Principles of the doctrine of the basic content and meaning < br> (1) nationalism, including the clear anti-imperialist stand, there is no clear way to Han Chinese warlords, the bureaucrats, the landlords as a revolutionary object.
(2) Democracy is on Democratic Republic. in theory, the purpose of solving the problem of revolution. However, democracy is no clear majority of working people's status in the country, really hard to protect the rights of the people.
(3) the content of the People's Livelihood, . , a set of in Chinese history did not have a bourgeois republic's founding program, is a more complete program of democratic revolution.
2, Shishu Revolution and the failure of the historical limitations of the lessons learned < br> Total: bourgeois revolutionaries, the weakness of their own.
points: Revolution of the limitations of the performance of the specific table:
(1) does not propose radical anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary program.
there is no clear anti-imperialist agenda, compromise or concession in exchange for fantasy recognition and support of imperialism.
they only emphasized over and the establishment of anti-republican, do not realize against the feudal ruling class, the final hand over power to the same Yuan is the representative of the feudal forces.
(2) did not fully mobilize and rely on the people. can not rely on the main force of the peasant masses against feudalism, or even suppress the people's revolutionary action.
(3) does not establish a strong revolutionary party, unite all revolutionary forces to play a strong core. League organization lax, factions confused. After the Revolution, and some advocated dissolution of the League, and some other built-party, independent mountain. .
failure and experience: China to send the weakness of the bourgeois revolution and the resulting limitations of the Revolution, the Revolution is difficult to escape defeat. Revolution only to overthrow a Qing government, not overthrow imperialism and feudal oppression and exploitation, imperialism and feudalism did not complete basic tasks.
Revolution's failure that the bourgeoisie of the Republic of the program failed to save China, Chinese people need a new advanced exploration for China to seek new outlets.
Chapter epoch-making event to explain changing
t
two important test sites, short answer
1, before the May Fourth Movement, the main contents of the New Culture Movement What?
(2) intense criticism as a feudal Confucian ideas. New Culture Movement, the spearhead of attack to maintain the focus point for the purpose of the feudal autocracy and the basic content of Confucianism to evolutionary theory as the main weapon of emancipating the mind and personality, strongly criticized the feudal Tsunatsune ethics, vigorously promote the new morality, against the old morality.
(3) to promote individual liberation and freedom. for the emancipation of women, family problems, marriage, love and so a lively discussion, promote gender equality and bourgeois freedom democratic ideas.
(4) promotion of literary revolution. the main literary revolution, including the literary content (replace with the new literature on the literature) and form (in the vernacular to replace classical) two aspects of the revolution.
2, before the May Fourth Movement What is the meaning of the New Culture Movement?
whole, is a bourgeois democratic revolution of the nature of the Enlightenment, has important historical significance.
(1) it is a new culture of democracy with the bourgeoisie the struggle against the old feudal culture is the Revolution in the continuation of the ideological and cultural fields, a heavy blow to the feudal autocracy.
(2) it strongly promote democracy and science, will be caused by people from the darkness of the feudal autocracy freed , opened the tide of emancipation.
(3) to accept it as the advanced elements of Marxism in China to prepare a suitable soil for the May Fourth Movement in China, beginning with creation of new democratic revolution and the ideological and cultural conditions.
3, the New Culture Movement in front of the May Fourth Movement which historical limitations?
the limitations of the historical conditions of the May Fourth New Culture Movement before there are obvious shortcomings.
(1) (from the real economic base) new advocates of cultural movement does not reveal the existence of feudal autocracy social roots; from the economy and the bourgeois republic, the root causes of program failures attributed to ideology and culture, is wrong (there is suspicion of idealism). They advocated bourgeois democracy, can not effectively transform the Chinese society.
(2) (formalism of thinking) a few people in thinking that there is absolutely positive or absolutely negative bias formalism (with metaphysics too).
(3) (from the masses of working people) they give priority to transform the national character, but it is produced from the transformation of feudal revolutionary practice of the social environment, not the movement spread to the workers and peasants, a few people cry alone, difficult to achieve its objectives.
4, the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement and the historical background of what are the conditions?
(1) the new era. It took place in the Russian October Revolution opened up the world proletarian socialist revolution new era.
(2) a new social force growth of the Chinese working class mm. With the national capitalist economy during the First World War the rapid development of China's working class and the power of the national bourgeoisie is also expanding into the m-step up. (the eve of the May Fourth Movement of 1919, China's industrial workers reached 200 million people)
(3) mm New Culture Movement to promote the emancipation of the trend. for the May Fourth Movement, to prepare the initial mass base and backbone.
5, the early spread of Marxist ideas of what characteristics of exercise?
(1) emphasis on learning the basic theory of Marxism, specifically with the social democratic Second International, to draw the line. China, a Marxist movement of ideas began to adhere to the revolutionary principles of Marxism and the right direction.
(2) attention from the reality in China, learning, the use of Marxist theory. early Chinese Marxists have actually formed a Marxist shall be China's realities and ideas, although not clearly stated at the time of this proposition.
(3) intellectuals began to put forward the working masses should be combined with the idea. (zhao intellectuals to be loyal to the people advocating for the people of the pioneer To go to the private sector to the rural areas).
6, around the early organization of the Communist Party which carried out the work?
(1) further research and advocacy of Marxism.
focus and Engels, Lenin original learning, advocacy of Marxism and the Russian Revolution of experience. and anti-Marxist thought debate three times, and expand the influence of Marxism.
(2) organize and conduct vigorous labor movement, to the workers to carry out propaganda and organizational work .
suitable workers published in the popular press. to create trade unions and labor schools
(3) for discussion on party building and the actual organization.
group developed Shanghai Communist Party launched the sen to Mao Zedong's letter to explore the founding of the problem.
(4) the work, to further promote the Marxist movement combined with the Chinese workers for China to create a unified organization to prepare the conditions for the working class vanguard. < br> 7, the historical characteristics of the Chinese Communist Party set up what is?
(1) Features: The Chinese Communist Party in particular the establishment of social and historical conditions, with the following two characteristics:
(social revolution theory of scientific socialism.
(there is the kind of labor aristocracy of Europe, there is no social basis of reformism.
Therefore, the Chinese Communist Party is a beginning theory of Marxism-Leninism as the guiding ideology of the party is a party different from the Second International, the new workers in social reform class revolutionary party.
8, the first KMT-CPC cooperation is the political basis of what?
(1) 1924 �� 1 month, the first time the KMT National Congress of the Declaration on the Three People's Principles were adopted by the new interpretation, we must extent, overcome the limitations of the old Three People's Principles: nationalism highlights the performance of the anti-imperialist content, emphasizing the complete independence of foreign for the Chinese, while advocates equality of all nationalities; civil rights civil rights, the general stressed that there were civilians, should not be New Principles and the CCP program of the democratic revolution in the basic principle is the same as the political foundation of the KMT-CPC cooperation, the joint program and the Revolutionary United Front
9, the Northern Expedition into the reasons for the victory?
( 1) The implementation of the KMT-CPC cooperation, the establishment of the revolutionary united front, especially the Communists and the Communist Youth League, the Northern Expedition exemplary vanguard role is an important reason for the victory.
(2) Expedition had the overwhelming support of the workers and peasants. Expedition is against imperialism, against the warlords, just under the slogan of the revolutionary war, has been the strong support of the people.
(3) Northern Expedition by the Soviet government's multifaceted assistance, especially military advisors sent to help develop the Northern Expeditionary Army the right military strategy and tactics.
three essay questions
1, features the history of the May Fourth Movement May Fourth Movement and the historical significance of
in the new times and new social and historical conditions occur, with the Revolution as the representative of the old democratic revolution do not have the historical character and historical significance.
(1) is a complete modern history of the revolutionary movement against imperialism and feudalism, the thoroughness of the performance of the anti-imperialist . the struggle against the Chinese people against imperialism and feudalism to a new level online.
(2) is a real mass revolutionary movement. young students played a pioneering role in the political arena Chinese working class began to , late in the movement played a dominant role.
(3) promoting the widespread dissemination of Marxism in China, and promote the Marxist movement combined with the Chinese workers, the founding of the Chinese Communist Party cadres on the thought and preparation . On the one hand, the working class intellectuals looking for transportation east to promote the way with their combination. On the other hand, a preliminary communist intellectuals struggle in practice and gradually transformed into a Marxist.
(4) May Fourth movement The great Chinese democratic revolution start. May Fourth Movement took place in the Russian October Revolution, the Chinese revolution has become part of the world proletarian socialist revolution. After the May Fourth Movement, the proletariat gradually replace the national democratic bourgeois revolution in modern China to become the leader .
2, the historical characteristics of the Chinese Communist Party set up what is?
(1) Features: The Chinese Communist Party in particular the establishment of social and historical conditions, with the following two characteristics:
(Original
Second, short answer
1, China's social crisis in the late feudal society, the performance of the late Qianlong
former also appeared the the rise and fall. There are five aspects of their performance, before the period of all three aspects, such as, politically, to strengthen centralized, bureaucratic negligence that overall corruption, corrupt bureaucracy. Economically, land acquisition serious usurious rent increase, no land less and less farmers to increase, farmers living in poverty state. military, military decline, arms lax. Banners Army Green Standard Army was no fighting corruption. ideology and culture, with the taste of foreign domination of Manchu, Daxing literary inquisition, suppression of heresy, and immobility. External Relations on the implementation of a policy of seclusion, almost in a state of isolation.
fact, the crisis of the Qing dynasties, like all previous, there have been signs of regime change, but history has not given China the opportunity to create another feudal dynasty. big world frame of reference has changed, the arrival of Western capitalism, will change the fate of China.
2, why the first Opium War in 1840 is the beginning of modern Chinese history
from 1840 to 1949, China has gradually formed and deepened evolved to do for the semi-feudal state.
first of the semi-colonial. This is from the perspective of political sovereignty. violations of sovereignty, territorial integrity had been damaged and no fact, became a country its name.
Secondly, of the semi-feudal. This is the deconstruction of the economic base and economic perspective. (1) feudal self-sufficient economy began to disintegrate, the commodity economy to a certain degree of development, the Chinese agricultural economy has become dependent on the world capitalist market a part of. (2) stimulation of capitalism in the West, China's urban and rural areas into the capitalist production relations and to be developed.
3, semi-feudal society is characterized by what?
(1) capital of the empire Marxist control the lifeline of China's economic and political decision and dominate China.
(2) China's feudal forces had colluded with the aggressors, one is the oppression of the Chinese people's social powers and the rule of basic pillars.
(3) Although the natural economy destroyed, but the landlord still land ownership.
(4) Although the production of capitalism in China and have some development, but still weak, did not become the main body of China's economy.
(5) China's political and economic development is highly imbalance, China's internal disunity. This struggle of imperialism and capital m and indirect control, and the local agricultural economy of China on the basis of local separatist, China is a vast and so on.
(6) of the Chinese people and people living in extreme political power impoverishment.
4, the characteristics of the Chinese national bourgeoisie
(1) divided into upper and lower middle class.
(2) two features and a double personality. On the one hand by the Emperor, sealing pressure, certain conditions can take part in anti-imperialist anti-sealing under the revolution, or remain neutral. On the other hand, due to weak, with the Emperor, letters are inextricably linked, the struggle against the lack of thoroughness.
(3) the national bourgeoisie can not lead in China democratic revolution to victory.
5, the formation and characteristics of the Chinese working class What?
sources characteristics: born in a foreign enterprise in China, the Chinese bourgeoisie than the older age and qualifications, social base and larger social forces.
the Chinese working class to its own characteristics: �� by the Emperor, letters, capital triple oppression, more revolutionary. �� despite fewer, but the relative concentration of (geographically concentrated in the coastal ports along the Yangtze River city mainly concentrated on the industry in the textile, mining, railways, shipping, etc.), easy to organize and form a revolutionary force; �� mostly from bankrupt farmers, and farmers have natural links, easy to form worker-peasant alliance. Therefore, the Chinese working class and the most advanced , the most revolutionary and most powerful.
6, modern struggle against foreign aggression the Chinese people what is the cause repeated failures?
1840-1919 years of struggle against foreign aggression have failed because:
(1) the social system of corruption. This is the root cause. Qing Dynasty rule after entering the modern, social system unchanged and more corruption. even after collusion with the invaders, the majority of Chinese people as the main enemy. people patriotic officers and soldiers against aggression, and therefore the resistance often leads to failure. (2) economic and technological backwardness of the Chinese people against aggression are an important reason for the failure. Western industrial revolution, rapid economic, technological and military equipment development, China's GDP is small, industrial technological backwardness will certainly vulnerable to attack. will inevitably affect the economic and technological backwardness of weaponry, military quality, comprehensive strength and so far inferior.
three essay questions
1, the establishment of the Western capitalist system and the colonial expansion China's threat
(1) the establishment of the capitalist system and the Industrial Revolution .1640 bourgeois revolution in Britain marked the world into the capitalist era. the United States and France have established the capitalist system. the capitalist system established after the industrial revolution. highly efficient production of large machines to replace the original workshop production of the low efficiency of the manual.
(2) expansion of capitalism and the inevitable contact. capitalist commodity production needs raw materials and product markets, capitalism system in place, the Western capitalist countries through colonialism, the military, political, economic and cultural invasion of their country into a way to put some part of the capitalist market. China has become the object of the fate of its expansion has been inevitable, war is inevitable. < br> 2, the two major conflicts in modern Chinese society and its relationship
comparing a pair of contradictions of feudal society, modern Chinese society added a pair. expressed as: the contradiction between imperialism and the Chinese nation, and the masses of feudalism contradiction. before a contradiction is the contradiction between the most important contradictions. the movement of the contradiction between the two throughout the semi-feudal society, determines the development and changes in Chinese society.
the relationship between two contradictions: different times show different state, if any to resolve ethnic conflicts is the main object. such as the previous war against aggression and the Boxer Rebellion. sometimes presented as the main contradiction of class contradictions, such as the Taiping peasant uprisings and Revolution. sometimes collusion between the two work together, such as the suppression of the Taiping peasant movement.
3, in modern times the two major historical tasks facing the Chinese people and their relationship
(1) the nature of semi-feudal society and the principal contradiction, the decision of the two major historical tasks.
(2) two historical mission of the statements: First, obtain national independence and liberation of the people; the second is to achieve national prosperity and people prosperity.
(3) the relationship between
difference: the main, the content is different. The former want to change the national oppressed, exploited the people of the status and condition, from the overthrow rule of semi-feudal social order, and solve the problem of the relations of production; which is to change the modern cultural and social backwardness of China's economic status and the state is to fully develop modern national industry and commerce to address the productivity problem.
contact: completion of the first major task is to create conditions for the second task is completed.
the one hand, the former is a prerequisite, only the realization of national independence and liberation of the people to repeal the powers to impose unequal treaties in order to overthrow the feudal autocratic system, change the comprador and feudal production relations, the liberation of productive forces, opening up the road toward modernization.
other hand, the fight for national independence and liberation of the ultimate goal is to make China's modernization, to achieve national prosperity and people's common prosperity of the Chinese nation independent nations of the world.
4, from the Opium War to the Chinese people before the Revolution of the performance of the awakening of national consciousness
doctor before the Opium War and the general concept of the Chinese people: towards a kingdom of heaven.
After the Opium War began to gradually change, resulting in the awakening of national consciousness, its performance and the process is:
(1) Learn the length of Technology from the Western ideas and thoughts generated Early Reformers: Lin Zexu: Modern China eyes open to see the world first. Wei: Editor against foreign aggression. to create a place in modern China and the West to learn the first of its kind. Westernization Movement in Ma Jianzhong, Wang Tao, Zheng Guanying and other early Reformation thought, advocating reform of feudal autocracy.
(2) national salvation and rejuvenation of the slogans shouted out: Sino, Chinese people began to universal awakening of national consciousness. Fu revitalizing the Chinese nation, the history of the various classes of Chinese drama staged this.
second chapter of the national way of early exploration
Second, the short answer questions
1, how to assess the Field System, 1) by the narrow horizons. it is pursuing is a small cottage industry of agriculture combined with the natural economy is not the eyes of a small farmers circulation of commodities, commodity exchange and the mean absolute ideal society. Therefore, this social ideal, is not realistic fantasy. of the feudal system has negative meaning, but not constructive.
2, how to evaluate Tianjing to put forward the program, but did not involve the issue of farmers and throughout the land, does not mean that the original movement direction of the peasant class. The fatal weakness, decided from the beginning of this program on the lack of implementation of the class basis and social conditions.
3, the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and brief lessons
(1) the root cause of failure: a lack of leadership of the advanced class. peasant class is not a new representative of productive forces and production relations, with the class of small producers inherent limitations.
(2) the specific reasons (root causes of the external appearance) can not be made complete and correct political and social reform program is not scientific theory. can not long maintain the unity of leadership, unable to stop the phenomenon of corruption within the ruling group and feudal hierarchy thought the breeding in foreign issues, the foreign capitalist powers of the lack of rational understanding of real aggression.
(3) Lessons learned: the occurrence and failure of the Taiping Rebellion that, in the semi-feudal society, the farmers have The great revolutionary force, but it can not assume leadership of the struggle against imperialism and feudalism responsibility victory.
4, the failure of the Westernization Movement What?
(1) has a feudal Westernization Movement. Westernization Movement guidance thought is semi-feudal process of increasingly grave situation, the more positive the introduction of Western purpose.
(3) foreign affairs of the enterprise management has decayed. Westernization enterprises run by the management is still new to the feudal bureaucratic style of management, so that enterprises lack the Westernization vigor and vitality.
(4) the persistence of the Qing ruling forces in the block is one of the reasons.
5, outlined the reasons for the failure of the Hundred Days Reform Movement and lessons
(1) main reasons: the failure of the Hundred Days Reform Movement is the main reason limitations of their own class reformers (the Chinese national capitalist economic power is very weak, very narrow social basis of the national bourgeoisie, which is the root cause) and the Empress Dowager Cixi's conservative forces, led by strong opposition.
(2) specific Reason: not deny feudalism. in politics can not simply deny the feudal monarchy; economy did not touch on the economic base of feudalism feudal land ownership mm; thought by Confucius in the name of illusions. has always been his dream to help the reforms of the Western powers. divorced from the masses. Reformists limited range of activities, basically limited to some bureaucratic literati and intellectuals, did not get the support of the masses. and fear of the people. < br> 3) Lessons learned: the Hundred Days Reform is China's national bourgeoisie political arena for the first time show. Reformative not only exposed the failure of the weakness of this class, but also that in the semi-feudal China, the attempt by the rulers the road to improved top-down, is not feasible. in order to achieve national independence, democracy, prosperity, must be a means of revolution.
three essay questions
1, Shishu Taiping peasant struggle While the historical significance of the Taiping Rebellion
failed, but it has important historical significance.
First, it dealt a heavy blow of the feudal ruling class, strongly shook the foundation of the rule of the Qing government. (1) from the size, duration (14 years), affecting the depth of the point of view, are larger than all previous peasant uprising. (2) under the influence of the Taiping Rebellion, the uprising around the surging anti-ethnic groups (such as Heaven and Earth will revolt, and ethnic groups Nien Rebellion uprisings, etc.). accelerate the process of decline of the Qing dynasty.
Second, it is the peak of the old peasant war, with a different from the previous history of peasant wars of the new features. (1) peak: the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established its own regime, proposed the , reflecting the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with a history of war is different from the characteristics of farmers in the past.
third, severely criticized the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Confucius and the Confucian classics, to some extent weakened the feudal rule of the spiritual pillar. (contact characteristics of feudal society to understand the cultural characteristics of )
Fourth, the Taiping peasant war against a powerful foreign invading forces. Taiping leaders rejected the unequal treaties prohibited the opium trade. collusion among the common foreign reactionary forces suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the soldiers waged a heroic struggle. < br> Fifth, in the mid-19th century national liberation movements in Asia, the Taiping peasant wars are the longest, largest, it and other Asian countries converge with the national liberation movements, the impact of Western colonial rule in Asia .
2, Shishu historical role of the Westernization Movement
(1) an objective to promote the early Chinese industry and the development of national capitalism. Westernization inherited Wei Yuan's ; of ideology, the beginning of modern education. In order to develop new diplomatic, military, scientific and technological personnel, a number of new schools opened Westernization, sent the first official school students, this is the beginning of modern education in China.
(3) dissemination of new knowledge, to open people's horizons. Westernization of a number of Western books in translation, introducing modern Western scientific and cultural knowledge, to bring China to the then new knowledge, new knowledge, broaden people's horizons.
(4) caused changes in social values and the values. With the rise of the Westernization Movement and the emergence of the capitalist mode of production, traditional values are under attack, it has also changed social atmosphere conducive to the development of capitalism, social atmosphere conducive to change.
3, Shishu Hundred Days Hundred Days reform movement Reform Movement significance
failed, but with the progress and impact of historical significance.
(1) Hundred Days Reform Movement was a patriotic movement for national salvation. Reformists in imminent danger, and divide the moment of crisis around the corner to come forward and set off a political reform survival, and safeguard national independence and national salvation movement of capitalist development, reflecting the requirements of the times.
(2) the Hundred Days Reform movement (China earliest) the nature of a bourgeois political reform movement. broke through the Westernization to succeed, but in the (new point of view) the impact of the feudal system.
(3) the Hundred Days Reform Movement is a the Enlightenment. reformers vigorously spread of Western social and political theory, natural rights of publicity, freedom, equality, social evolution, ideas, criticism of feudal monarchy and the feudal Gangchanglunli is conducive to democratic ideas spread in China. driven by the reformers, the formation of a wide range of cultural reform movement, and the development of modern education has played a positive role.
( 4) reform of social conduct in the Hundred Days Reform movement also has the meaning can not be underestimated. reformists and women's advocates get rid of opium and other bad habits of foot-binding, advocated br> Chapter III Revolution
Second, short answer
1, how to look at the nature of the Provisional Government Republic of China.
Republic of the nature of a bourgeois revolutionary regime.
(1) in the composition of on the control of the bourgeois revolutionary regime.'s Revolutionary Party and the Alliance members in important sectors of the government as the main duties.
(2) in the implementation of the various political, economic cultural and social policy measures, embodies the wishes and interests of the Chinese national bourgeoisie, but also to some extent in line with the interests of the Chinese people
(3) domestic and foreign aspects of the interim government in Nanjing limitations. First recognized by the Qing government and the powers given all unequal treaties and the all the debt owed. The second is not proposed to meet the requirements of farmers of land policies and measures
2, Revolution Revolution
the historical significance of the victory was a more complete sense of the bourgeois democratic revolution, the Chinese people for national salvation and survival rejuvenating the Chinese nation as a milestone of great historical significance.
(1) revolution overthrew the rule of the Qing dynasty in China, a heavy blow to the reactionary forces and foreign rule in China. for the development of the revolutionary struggle of the Chinese people has opened up road.
(2) Revolution ended two thousand years of feudal rule in China, autocratic monarchy, the establishment of China's first republican government of a bourgeois, so the idea is catching on democratic republic.
(3) Revolution is also an ideological liberation movement. Revolution the ideological progress and open the door to national consciousness.
(4) Revolution to promote social, economic, social customs and habits of thought, new changes have taken place.
( 5) Revolution against the imperialist forces in China, the Asian countries to promote the upsurge of national liberation movements.
3, outlined the struggle against the Northern Warlords
(1) launched the Chinese Revolutionary Party: the assassination of opposition to Yuan Song Jiaoren and the Tokyo formally established the Chinese Revolutionary Party.
(2) protect the country and the war started. to oppose Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, Cai E December 25, 1915, Cai E declared independence in Yunnan, Protection Movement broke out on March 22 .1916 , Yuan cancel monarchy.
(3) law enforcement campaign launched: to restore and protect the Republic of China and the the old democratic revolution in China's end. indicates that the Chinese people's revolutionary struggle against imperialism and feudalism will have to enter a new stage of development.
two essay questions
1, Shishu Three Principles of the doctrine of the basic content and meaning < br> (1) nationalism, including the clear anti-imperialist stand, there is no clear way to Han Chinese warlords, the bureaucrats, the landlords as a revolutionary object.
(2) Democracy is on Democratic Republic. in theory, the purpose of solving the problem of revolution. However, democracy is no clear majority of working people's status in the country, really hard to protect the rights of the people.
(3) the content of the People's Livelihood, . , a set of in Chinese history did not have a bourgeois republic's founding program, is a more complete program of democratic revolution.
2, Shishu Revolution and the failure of the historical limitations of the lessons learned < br> Total: bourgeois revolutionaries, the weakness of their own.
points: Revolution of the limitations of the performance of the specific table:
(1) does not propose radical anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary program.
there is no clear anti-imperialist agenda, compromise or concession in exchange for fantasy recognition and support of imperialism.
they only emphasized over and the establishment of anti-republican, do not realize against the feudal ruling class, the final hand over power to the same Yuan is the representative of the feudal forces.
(2) did not fully mobilize and rely on the people. can not rely on the main force of the peasant masses against feudalism, or even suppress the people's revolutionary action.
(3) does not establish a strong revolutionary party, unite all revolutionary forces to play a strong core. League organization lax, factions confused. After the Revolution, and some advocated dissolution of the League, and some other built-party, independent mountain. .
failure and experience: China to send the weakness of the bourgeois revolution and the resulting limitations of the Revolution, the Revolution is difficult to escape defeat. Revolution only to overthrow a Qing government, not overthrow imperialism and feudal oppression and exploitation, imperialism and feudalism did not complete basic tasks.
Revolution's failure that the bourgeoisie of the Republic of the program failed to save China, Chinese people need a new advanced exploration for China to seek new outlets.
Chapter epoch-making event to explain changing
t
two important test sites, short answer
1, before the May Fourth Movement, the main contents of the New Culture Movement What?
(2) intense criticism as a feudal Confucian ideas. New Culture Movement, the spearhead of attack to maintain the focus point for the purpose of the feudal autocracy and the basic content of Confucianism to evolutionary theory as the main weapon of emancipating the mind and personality, strongly criticized the feudal Tsunatsune ethics, vigorously promote the new morality, against the old morality.
(3) to promote individual liberation and freedom. for the emancipation of women, family problems, marriage, love and so a lively discussion, promote gender equality and bourgeois freedom democratic ideas.
(4) promotion of literary revolution. the main literary revolution, including the literary content (replace with the new literature on the literature) and form (in the vernacular to replace classical) two aspects of the revolution.
2, before the May Fourth Movement What is the meaning of the New Culture Movement?
whole, is a bourgeois democratic revolution of the nature of the Enlightenment, has important historical significance.
(1) it is a new culture of democracy with the bourgeoisie the struggle against the old feudal culture is the Revolution in the continuation of the ideological and cultural fields, a heavy blow to the feudal autocracy.
(2) it strongly promote democracy and science, will be caused by people from the darkness of the feudal autocracy freed , opened the tide of emancipation.
(3) to accept it as the advanced elements of Marxism in China to prepare a suitable soil for the May Fourth Movement in China, beginning with creation of new democratic revolution and the ideological and cultural conditions.
3, the New Culture Movement in front of the May Fourth Movement which historical limitations?
the limitations of the historical conditions of the May Fourth New Culture Movement before there are obvious shortcomings.
(1) (from the real economic base) new advocates of cultural movement does not reveal the existence of feudal autocracy social roots; from the economy and the bourgeois republic, the root causes of program failures attributed to ideology and culture, is wrong (there is suspicion of idealism). They advocated bourgeois democracy, can not effectively transform the Chinese society.
(2) (formalism of thinking) a few people in thinking that there is absolutely positive or absolutely negative bias formalism (with metaphysics too).
(3) (from the masses of working people) they give priority to transform the national character, but it is produced from the transformation of feudal revolutionary practice of the social environment, not the movement spread to the workers and peasants, a few people cry alone, difficult to achieve its objectives.
4, the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement and the historical background of what are the conditions?
(1) the new era. It took place in the Russian October Revolution opened up the world proletarian socialist revolution new era.
(2) a new social force growth of the Chinese working class mm. With the national capitalist economy during the First World War the rapid development of China's working class and the power of the national bourgeoisie is also expanding into the m-step up. (the eve of the May Fourth Movement of 1919, China's industrial workers reached 200 million people)
(3) mm New Culture Movement to promote the emancipation of the trend. for the May Fourth Movement, to prepare the initial mass base and backbone.
5, the early spread of Marxist ideas of what characteristics of exercise?
(1) emphasis on learning the basic theory of Marxism, specifically with the social democratic Second International, to draw the line. China, a Marxist movement of ideas began to adhere to the revolutionary principles of Marxism and the right direction.
(2) attention from the reality in China, learning, the use of Marxist theory. early Chinese Marxists have actually formed a Marxist shall be China's realities and ideas, although not clearly stated at the time of this proposition.
(3) intellectuals began to put forward the working masses should be combined with the idea. (zhao intellectuals to be loyal to the people advocating for the people of the pioneer To go to the private sector to the rural areas).
6, around the early organization of the Communist Party which carried out the work?
(1) further research and advocacy of Marxism.
focus and Engels, Lenin original learning, advocacy of Marxism and the Russian Revolution of experience. and anti-Marxist thought debate three times, and expand the influence of Marxism.
(2) organize and conduct vigorous labor movement, to the workers to carry out propaganda and organizational work .
suitable workers published in the popular press. to create trade unions and labor schools
(3) for discussion on party building and the actual organization.
group developed Shanghai Communist Party launched the sen to Mao Zedong's letter to explore the founding of the problem.
(4) the work, to further promote the Marxist movement combined with the Chinese workers for China to create a unified organization to prepare the conditions for the working class vanguard. < br> 7, the historical characteristics of the Chinese Communist Party set up what is?
(1) Features: The Chinese Communist Party in particular the establishment of social and historical conditions, with the following two characteristics:
(social revolution theory of scientific socialism.
(there is the kind of labor aristocracy of Europe, there is no social basis of reformism.
Therefore, the Chinese Communist Party is a beginning theory of Marxism-Leninism as the guiding ideology of the party is a party different from the Second International, the new workers in social reform class revolutionary party.
8, the first KMT-CPC cooperation is the political basis of what?
(1) 1924 �� 1 month, the first time the KMT National Congress of the Declaration on the Three People's Principles were adopted by the new interpretation, we must extent, overcome the limitations of the old Three People's Principles: nationalism highlights the performance of the anti-imperialist content, emphasizing the complete independence of foreign for the Chinese, while advocates equality of all nationalities; civil rights civil rights, the general stressed that there were civilians, should not be New Principles and the CCP program of the democratic revolution in the basic principle is the same as the political foundation of the KMT-CPC cooperation, the joint program and the Revolutionary United Front
9, the Northern Expedition into the reasons for the victory?
( 1) The implementation of the KMT-CPC cooperation, the establishment of the revolutionary united front, especially the Communists and the Communist Youth League, the Northern Expedition exemplary vanguard role is an important reason for the victory.
(2) Expedition had the overwhelming support of the workers and peasants. Expedition is against imperialism, against the warlords, just under the slogan of the revolutionary war, has been the strong support of the people.
(3) Northern Expedition by the Soviet government's multifaceted assistance, especially military advisors sent to help develop the Northern Expeditionary Army the right military strategy and tactics.
three essay questions
1, features the history of the May Fourth Movement May Fourth Movement and the historical significance of
in the new times and new social and historical conditions occur, with the Revolution as the representative of the old democratic revolution do not have the historical character and historical significance.
(1) is a complete modern history of the revolutionary movement against imperialism and feudalism, the thoroughness of the performance of the anti-imperialist . the struggle against the Chinese people against imperialism and feudalism to a new level online.
(2) is a real mass revolutionary movement. young students played a pioneering role in the political arena Chinese working class began to , late in the movement played a dominant role.
(3) promoting the widespread dissemination of Marxism in China, and promote the Marxist movement combined with the Chinese workers, the founding of the Chinese Communist Party cadres on the thought and preparation . On the one hand, the working class intellectuals looking for transportation east to promote the way with their combination. On the other hand, a preliminary communist intellectuals struggle in practice and gradually transformed into a Marxist.
(4) May Fourth movement The great Chinese democratic revolution start. May Fourth Movement took place in the Russian October Revolution, the Chinese revolution has become part of the world proletarian socialist revolution. After the May Fourth Movement, the proletariat gradually replace the national democratic bourgeois revolution in modern China to become the leader .
2, the historical characteristics of the Chinese Communist Party set up what is?
(1) Features: The Chinese Communist Party in particular the establishment of social and historical conditions, with the following two characteristics:
(Original
Tuesday, December 21, 2010
Double three-meter women's Comments
China's three-meter diving team won the women's doubles gold medal final, is expected thing, because the strength of Guo Jingjing and Wu Mingxia is the world's strongest. Guo Jingjing and Wu Min Xia with nearly seven years, so they have a tacit agreement, Guo Jingjing from 13 years ago to start training for double match, when she was very young, only 15 years old, but has begun to participate in panels, Taiwan, and was a double World Cup champion. diving double event officially entered the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, Guo Jingjing has Fu Mingxia paired with beam bridges and, finally, and Fu Mingxia three meters with the participation of double match in Sydney, due to the technical style of Guo and Fu Mingxia rhythm and movement are some gaps, before the game is not fully coordinate. Finally, only the runner-up .2001 Wu Minxia and after pairing, very successful, 04 years later took the title again, and Li Ting .04 match, and later because of injuries Ting, and Wu Min Xia after the match resumed. As a veteran Guo Jingjing, regardless of is a personal experience or personal skills match, is the Diocesan diving team. These actions from 94 years I have taught her, and double in 95 years, the project for the first time into the world game with three-meter and Deng Ling, meter, and Wang Rui tie, won the women's World Cup double two-meter and three-meter champion. She is a dance movement for more than ten years of experience, pairing has 13 years experience, and with all sorts of different people have had matching experience, so she is a very good leader. Wu Min Xia is a springboard for better women players, couples and single people have maintained a relatively good results, has been in the top two. Therefore, the two players, both from their experience and experience, are granted access to this gold medal. Today's three-meter women's doubles are also two Chinese players played an excellent stability of all the action. last won the championship. Russia were second, Germany third. From today's Competition, Turning more technically foreign players in the Chinese team has an advantage, Chinese athletes have chosen to jump somersault movements, in many overseas players selected rotation of the foreign team in the rotation of the success of the training, there are some training methods that we can learn. Russia players who won the 2000 Olympic Games gold medal in women's three-meter double, they have a new player today, although the play, but it is also an excellent level of play. They chose the more difficult today, in order to stabilize the rotation of the coefficient is not high. After the two actions is They won the last Olympic movement, they played two of the biggest advantages. to avoid the mistakes with the somersault, which shows that they churn technical problems and not fully resolved, and they won today and avoid weaknesses stable won second place. today is the intense competition for third place, than the first and second but also intense competition. Germany today is on the last action 305B, received 76 points, 4 points margin in the final to win the third, Germany athletes for the Athens Olympics only to sixth place. But today's game can be seen in Germany in the women's double springboard for progress on the project.
men Shimi Tai double tomorrow afternoon. this game is not like the three-meter women's doubles so easy, because the man jumping double project about three foreign players and the strength of our flat. and in the first half of this year's competition, there are some advantages of foreign competitors, and in recent years, Russia, Germany, Britain, on synchronized diving is leaps and bounds. Lin Yue of China's two players and fire light on the original accounting for certain advantages in stability. But now the developing of the body, may have some minor fluctuations. So tomorrow's game is more intense, more Aspect, We also wish the man-meter diving platform to the last Olympic double champion in this brilliant double hold, I hope these two young athletes are training in the game, because they are the first Olympic Games.
men Shimi Tai double tomorrow afternoon. this game is not like the three-meter women's doubles so easy, because the man jumping double project about three foreign players and the strength of our flat. and in the first half of this year's competition, there are some advantages of foreign competitors, and in recent years, Russia, Germany, Britain, on synchronized diving is leaps and bounds. Lin Yue of China's two players and fire light on the original accounting for certain advantages in stability. But now the developing of the body, may have some minor fluctuations. So tomorrow's game is more intense, more Aspect, We also wish the man-meter diving platform to the last Olympic double champion in this brilliant double hold, I hope these two young athletes are training in the game, because they are the first Olympic Games.
Monday, December 20, 2010
To do so for family programs by the open kitchen, cooking fumes the whole does not exist, this week ...
Always liked the open kitchen, our way of life, smoke is the biggest problem in the end a lot of friends around me no choice but to choose a conservative program, among them I was happy to realize to be a troubled life,UGG shoes, smoke-free kitchen housewife's dream, the program would like to know friends can contact me ah
Sunday, December 19, 2010
Chinese competition promise to do the call on national and provisions for the Nobel Prize - I saw the world - focus ...
About the Nobel Prize, I would like to lead one of Mr. Lu Xun, I hope for some common than expected,, that did not matter after all, as expected, but often just as the material together. This time is no exception, once again up to just as expected, our economics, physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, short, and again we are fully insulated with all the awards. Barbara is the gas to kill me ah! our chickens fart ranked fourth in the world a quarter of the population of the world, with five thousand years of civilization, a great country, since the Nobel Prize was founded to now, there's no one person winning at home, this is simply an insult to our nation, t can be tolerated, not Aunt Ren is also! face of these circumstances, every one of us Chinese people are, with great feelings of anger, this feeling is hard to swallow! long and missed the Nobel Prize, is not the actual level that we can not. On the contrary shows that it is our level too high, too high and cold it! so aroused the envy of the world. In fact, China had in the 50's, 60's should include all of the Nobel Prize, in every field we have created that even gods are not out to create great results. such as we make iron and steel, our indigenous steel, that is how a creative research project ah! ask all times, with which country, which have a dynasty, there was the introduction of the steel-making family, at home to steel-making blast furnace built this great idea? Our acre of land can produce a few kg, dozens or even hundreds of jin jin, not to mention other , just the idea, such a reference, I think they should win the Nobel Prize. think about it, ancient and modern, which have had an agricultural scientist, dare to make an acre of real estate made dozens of kg of food, great concept it? and we the . in that fiery red age, people in our first produced numerous popular poetry, the masses, full of passion for writing poetry unprecedented, the export Chengzhang, seven-step into the poetry, the emergence of a large number of unprecedented, without equal in the large poet. Originally they said it all should get a Nobel Prize, but the US-led West, the Heart of death I die, wearing glasses porn Man, so many years we have suffered discrimination and injustice treatment. But despite the death of my heart die imperialism, despite the anti-God repair the problem has always been in the Nobel Prize card our necks, but the Chinese people, is an indomitable people, we can not obscene wealth, and rank can not be moved, mighty can bend. so the question of the Nobel Prize win, we will never give up, we have to fall again to fight against repair field and Dili, until we finally get the Nobel Prize so far. In order to ensure that this struggle for Nobel Prize great victory, we decided to National Mobilization, up and down action, to fight a referendum for the Nobel Prize people's war. Our strength is socialism, we can concentrate superior forces at once. has the advantage that we need to worry that can not get the Nobel Prize? the past, we rely on it alone, not shown advantages. Now we unite people across the country, as the great leader Chairman Mao has taught us, the whole nation united as one, who the world can match ? this end, we publish the following special call to all citizens, and notices about our intentions and decisions - first, the first team in the township above, create a new agency, called the forth. To avoid the phenomenon of corruption and running after buying incidence, simply across the board, decided this post as a wife by the local chiefs. This not only can avoid corruption, as well as to facilitate communication and support facilities for local leaders. For example, promise to do what is difficult to fight, go home at night and her husband, said it many problems to solve on the pillow. hope all over the organization and supervision departments should strictly avoid mistaken identity, or the overwhelming phenomenon, we must verify the identity assurance is the local number one's first wife, before we can fill that position. Second, the decision of the National People call and a dollar donation per person per month. Comrades, fellow patriots, took out a dollar per person per month, which is concerned for everyone , it is insignificant, drop in the bucket, but the country depend on it every month to be raised to 13 billion yuan, together with the Nobel Prize lottery issue, assessed to large enterprises and other measures to fight promise to do, to strive to be more sufficient funds, we are not prepared to state to a penny! Comrades, take out your money, do you need to know though is a dollar, but you did win the Nobel Prize for national cause, a contribution to their power, this is how the thing should be proud, this is a golden happy occasion ah! Third, foreigners have the Nobel Prize, are basically alone. Since we do not fight man advantage, and that we do not weave their own way? Our paths which is, to dozens or even hundreds of people gathered up the strength. saying goes, break a chopstick easily officer, said good Tiger aircraft, but a pack of wolves. I do not believe that we few ten, or even hundreds of power to one or two people but they made the power! Of course, we also know that the Nobel Prize was originally awarded to individuals only, it seems, and there is no collective Nobel Prize this project. but we also not a fool, really winning, we can not promise to participate in contention behind the scene of the characters are sent to accept the award, at most, one or two leaders also sent to the bonus points out another thing. We want good , led to the leadership when they do not own real name, we decided to give these people from several aliases, for example, a can be called (hope the Nobel Prize). You see, we think it is actually quite well? Fourth, determine the key project. According to our full feasibility studies, in-depth investigation, the preliminary view that the following major areas are most likely to win a Nobel Prize and decide its major support - one on Valentine's with the management team of MBA. mention of the study called people excited. This is such a creative and innovative ah! This is typical of the foreign advanced management concept, the introduction of to the concrete practice of China, a practice. How can those who dare to marry at all times or even several dozens of his wife or lover of people, which one of you had to manage with the MBA to create it this Valentine's? such great creation, but also not the Nobel Prize, is it heaven tolerate?, of course, this study is not perfect, so we decided to invest a lot of money, the depth of the research-oriented and, ultimately, aspirations to the next year's Nobel Prize We are full of expectation and confidence. The second is the Zhao Lihua poetry reading poetry with the naked men. This is the most hopeful won the Nobel Prize in Literature. literature is broke to pay attention, pay attention to innovation, pay attention to reverse thinking . In the past many people write articles to write poetry, all written strongly to the good side, we all go to good efforts, inevitably stereotyped, it's hard out their own style. Zhao Lihua poetry, a rare challenge is, Zhao is strongly at worst write to you one look and vomiting, to see could not eat even the toilets are not on the degree to write, how ancient and modern, which scholars had had this courage? key is to not afford to lose man! Zhao Lihua poetry, combined with the courage to recite poetry stripped of men, to the effect of the combination of a hash, and, how can you say no prize yet? I even think that my thoughts are with the value of a promise Nobel Peace Prize! Third, in medicine, a hospital in Shenzhen, said that nurses have to wear helmets at work, I think it will at least have an idea of the Nobel Prize. think about it, the beautiful Xishengxiqi angels in white, all were wearing helmets in the hospital, appeared in front of patients, this scenario, should also not be regarded as thing? a lot of people make irresponsible remarks on this fact, so do not know, in fact, called performance art, is the latest in a category of art to hospitals, nurses, and performance art together, who say that this is not a great idea too!, of course, the field may be winning too much, I am afraid I do not list them here, we can also Well to add more! Finally, I want to add that our a wealthy, dismantling networks to tackle problems around the world, beautiful sugar-coated bullets, can all spend, do not believe that judges do not bite!, of course, we will not forget the propaganda to the world the great achievements we have made to promote our research results. Our slogan is: let us go the Nobel, so that the Nobel to us!
Thursday, December 16, 2010
Master Hsing Yun,
Pure Land of the Lotus Grand Master it? five. how can not see other people's right and wrong, good and evil, suffering through it? VI. What name meditation? What is meditation? Why this name? VII. Zen How can internal and external as? eight. Wu said that when the like of Environmental Health and fans stated in meditation, this is not attached to the heart, not persistent in the net, nor is it fixed. If the attachment in the heart, mind originally false; know that mind is an illusion, so there is nothing attached . If persistent in the net, then people from the nature of original purity, because of ignorance and irrational thoughts, it covers really as nature. as long as no delusions, the nature of the natural purity; if the dedicated from the heart of the net, will have a net false; not necessarily false premises, with attachments, is false. Net had no physiognomy, but now they stand out of the net's physiognomy, saying that it is the practice of the work; with such wrong opinions, to obscure their true self will be sex, but was the net phase of the Chan Fu. Noble friends! not be tempted by the so-called repair, if you can see all the people, but not others, right and wrong, evaluation of the merits, which is self-nature intact. good mentor! Yumi people, although the body does not move, but an opening and said the length of right and wrong good or bad to others, which run counter with the right path. and if those who persist in the heart or the execution of the net, for Obstruction of the right way. Discovery of the public said: to see the Self, including fixed, this is called Zen. Noble friends! what is called 'meditation' it? apart from all known outside the Zen mind is not barking as scheduled. If the external environment on the phase of the heart will be scattered; if apart from all outside and inside will not be scattered. from the heart was originally a pure and stable nature, because the event read from the environment, so the mind into chaos. If you see all the chaos inside the boundary, then it is the true setting. Noble friends! phase is outside the Li Zhu Zen, inner chaos that is determined outside the Zen unofficially, that is called meditation. In every thought into, to see the nature of their clean, sophisticated practice practice Buddhism natural to accomplish. action. If the words with the heart, the heart element is a jump, intimate illusory, so Wu Suozhu too. If the words are net, net of human nature, by the delusion * 1, therefore, to cover review really as * 2. but without delusions, sexual self-clean ; from the heart of the net, but Health Net jump; jump to nowhere by the, author is a jump. net invisible phase, but set a net phase, words are something. for here we can see who from the nature of the barrier, he was tied to the net. good mentor! if repair not move those, but see all the people, not people of the right and wrong had suffered, that is, from the nature intact. Noble friends! charming though not the body move, speak and said the length of right and wrong of others likes and dislikes, and Road contrary. If the mind the net, that road is also impaired. Self does not move, known as Zen. Noble friends! Ho were meditation? outside away from the phase of Zen, is set within the chaos. If the external phase, the heart is chaotic; if from the outside phase, the mind is chaos. the nature of self-purification from set, only to see the environmental thinking throughout the chaos; if seen throughout the heart is not chaos, was the true setting as well. Noble friends! from the phase that is outside the Zen, the chaos of that set, outside the Zen default is to meditation. Precepts ignorance or deluded obsession. This delusion can stir of the sea really as equal, but differences emerged in Vientiane wave; if away from, then get into the realm of consciousness. * 2 Zhenru: True, true meaning is not false; For example, change their sexual meaning. refers to the true all over the body in the universe, the source of all. and as such, such as, truthfully, Dharma, Dharma, practice, reality, Tathagatagarbha, Dharmakaya, Buddha, Since the nature pure in body, one mind, Incredibles sector. * 3 Bodhisattva Precepts: also known as ; by the section, where twenty-seven products. by accepting a Mahayana precepts, so that much of the attention by the ancient times.
one. How do meditation? II. How intimate surreal? III. How vain heart? IV. concubine solid tie people, the net how to tie them? five. how can not see other people's right and wrong, good and evil, suffering through it? VI. What name meditation? What is meditation? Why this name? VII. Zen How can outside a such as? eight. ? General People's Congress thought that Zen practitioners, must be such as Laosengruding, sharp eyes and keen nose, nose view of the heart, so be called also? , every move, can insight, can see the nature. Therefore, true Zen Tao focuses on the nature of consciousness. Zen meditation though not necessarily, but for beginners, Zen meditation is still an important entry. how to meditate? should first Learn a variety of meditation methods and common sense: 1 to sitting in a quiet room: Beginner Zen meditation,Discount UGG boots, fear interference, so need a quiet environment. and indoor air to circulate, hot and cold to moderate, light should be soft, because the light is too bright is not easy to feel at ease, too dark can easily drowsy. 2 to end cross-legged on India: cross-legged is a very important part of meditation, because they do not cross-legged, the spirit is not easy to concentrate. cross-legged into a single disc and double disc. beginners If you can not double disk, single disk can, or sit cross legs, or legs can hang. leg plate well, Chao Shou Results printed on the navel with both hands, the blood can open. 3 to undress loose with: meditation, the dress in loose, comfortable and appropriate, try to avoid wearing a suit, jeans, mini skirt so tight trousers, watches, glasses, belts and other objects bound body, should loosen or remove, the body relaxes, without prejudice to the blood circulation 4. to suddenly rub: Theravada, you can gently shake the body, the body in a smooth and comfortable position. hands to interact with friction, to boost the spirit. Zen not only hard but also hard, because the Zen meditation is not rest not sleep, is the heart of truth force participation studies. five to well-wrapped knee: meditation, use a blanket wrapped his knees,Bailey UGG boots, making it warm, to prevent the invasion of cold joints. 6 straight ridge to flat chest: meditation, the chest to Euparagonimus, back to be standing upright, not hunched over. cushion to soft, the thickness varies with the person to be sitting pretty down to earth can be. back and lean not on something else, so as not to impede blood flow. 7 to outlet rolls: the interest rate adjustment is a revised entry method, beginner by not meditation, breath rolls only comfortable, stable state of mind to calm. 8, see Xin, regardless of: is to see in his heart, let the heart in the words of the head, do not let your heart Bereavements out. such as : Zen is completely on your own insight into the efforts, the present bear on their own. So great to have good roots Zen, great faith, great doubt love, big Fen Zhi. 3, no requirements to be open-minded: to humble our hearts if not demand, as if ; Lang Lang skies, Not a thing, not move, called Zen. , whether both sides. Zen is the healthy way, the function of Zen can be open minded, strong perseverance, inspiration intelligence, to reconcile the spirit, clean habits, strengthen endurance, improved habits, mill
one. How do meditation? II. How intimate surreal? III. How vain heart? IV. concubine solid tie people, the net how to tie them? five. how can not see other people's right and wrong, good and evil, suffering through it? VI. What name meditation? What is meditation? Why this name? VII. Zen How can outside a such as? eight. ? General People's Congress thought that Zen practitioners, must be such as Laosengruding, sharp eyes and keen nose, nose view of the heart, so be called also? , every move, can insight, can see the nature. Therefore, true Zen Tao focuses on the nature of consciousness. Zen meditation though not necessarily, but for beginners, Zen meditation is still an important entry. how to meditate? should first Learn a variety of meditation methods and common sense: 1 to sitting in a quiet room: Beginner Zen meditation,Discount UGG boots, fear interference, so need a quiet environment. and indoor air to circulate, hot and cold to moderate, light should be soft, because the light is too bright is not easy to feel at ease, too dark can easily drowsy. 2 to end cross-legged on India: cross-legged is a very important part of meditation, because they do not cross-legged, the spirit is not easy to concentrate. cross-legged into a single disc and double disc. beginners If you can not double disk, single disk can, or sit cross legs, or legs can hang. leg plate well, Chao Shou Results printed on the navel with both hands, the blood can open. 3 to undress loose with: meditation, the dress in loose, comfortable and appropriate, try to avoid wearing a suit, jeans, mini skirt so tight trousers, watches, glasses, belts and other objects bound body, should loosen or remove, the body relaxes, without prejudice to the blood circulation 4. to suddenly rub: Theravada, you can gently shake the body, the body in a smooth and comfortable position. hands to interact with friction, to boost the spirit. Zen not only hard but also hard, because the Zen meditation is not rest not sleep, is the heart of truth force participation studies. five to well-wrapped knee: meditation, use a blanket wrapped his knees,Bailey UGG boots, making it warm, to prevent the invasion of cold joints. 6 straight ridge to flat chest: meditation, the chest to Euparagonimus, back to be standing upright, not hunched over. cushion to soft, the thickness varies with the person to be sitting pretty down to earth can be. back and lean not on something else, so as not to impede blood flow. 7 to outlet rolls: the interest rate adjustment is a revised entry method, beginner by not meditation, breath rolls only comfortable, stable state of mind to calm. 8, see Xin, regardless of: is to see in his heart, let the heart in the words of the head, do not let your heart Bereavements out. such as : Zen is completely on your own insight into the efforts, the present bear on their own. So great to have good roots Zen, great faith, great doubt love, big Fen Zhi. 3, no requirements to be open-minded: to humble our hearts if not demand, as if ; Lang Lang skies, Not a thing, not move, called Zen. , whether both sides. Zen is the healthy way, the function of Zen can be open minded, strong perseverance, inspiration intelligence, to reconcile the spirit, clean habits, strengthen endurance, improved habits, mill
Wednesday, December 15, 2010
Online watch gay film
In 1986, the handsome young television cameraman to be examined suffering from AIDS, he is afraid, very painful, but most of all lost their sense. a time when the golden years of his life, it seems that moment can not accept this fact, but also do not understand this is not for the average person familiar with the terminally ill, for the rest of his life in the end what it means. To this end, he often With decadent mood, go to the river Seine in Paris mm old abandoned piers of a lower homosexuality rallying point, to continue his indulgence, and does not care that it is safe for others.
in a selection of actors, let get to know the pure beauty of the 17-year-old girl Lorna, though to be a homosexual, but still she can not help but attracted by the charming unique temperament. And Lorna from the beginning also like to let the two people began a romantic exchanges.
so by their own troubled by the reality of imminent death, he hoped that frankly face of everything, so, so tell by Lorna themselves like boys, and Lorna to feel more relaxed reaction to this innocent girl look of love that she will not mind of such behavior.
soon, so awareness of the tall, strong guy mm football Athletes in Competition meters from the first glance saw him, so to feel this is the man he needs. However, not forced to sleep with him m race, race can not accept and rice is also a man of love acts. but In this way between the two men, one similar to the friendship and sense of friendship over so that they recognize each other great attraction.
Lorna so young with a strong rebellious spirit, her work is child's play not only shows and to make love in and insisted not to use safety measures, it seems that the only way to prove her chastity and great love. but in fact she can not tolerate to the fickle, do not want to look for life in the erosion of self-destruction. to life in a chaotic state test a person can reach the limits of existence, only in drugs, promiscuous self-anesthesia, he will experience a physical existence is still alive.
time and friends gathering, or just enthusiastic to suddenly enveloped by a feeling of death, he was among the dead is not the oppression of their own, driven to distraction, he can only own use of alcohol anesthesia in order to escape the invasion of open awareness of death.
to wake up with a girlfriend and rice spooned race, when Lorna and saw this scene, she was angry that her love never selfish, not allow others to share. Then she began fragile spirit of hysteria, and even threat to commit suicide. In the face of all this, so in the home and less abroad, the only consolation is to return to the land settlements homosexuality, only gay in the silent touch to let him get complete relief.
Lorna because of mental The very poor state mental hospital by their families rest sent to the field, so that the induction of rice in race began under the body learn to use their own pleasure, the original line of defense lie in his heart was breaking, he not only became a homosexual, and became bloodthirsty and aggressive, until joining the gang.
tangle of three world collapse, let alone set foot on the search for the soul of the journey, he visited his parents, traveled corners of the earth, after the long-awaited He again found the Lorna. at this time Lorna had been great changes, she became calm, peaceful, although between loyal and to allow feelings, but the beginning has been reluctant to re-were to live. Finally, Lorna told to She has also been infected with the AIDS virus, but she did not regret his ever loving face. Let With feelings of guilt watching the sea rise and fall, the rising and sunset, he finally realized that things always is the place to start at the end, in the first place to the end of.
since the 20th century, early 80s, the first AIDS patient was found since the world has tens of millions of people infected with this fatal disease, HIV-positive people, that is, carriers of HIV, it is ill several times. seems to be really opened Pandora's Box in general, the human experience since he has produced the biggest one is difficult to cure disease challenges. as if the medieval Black Death swept through Europe comes again, all anxious, all Ziwei, especially in the 70's sexual liberation, people suddenly discovered that their excessive promiscuity is promoted The spread of the disease.
homosexuals in this century's nightmare attack magic, no doubt bear the brunt, even in a period of time, AIDS and homosexuality has become synonymous. particularly gay men, their way to become accustomed to sexual intercourse the main way the virus quickly infected, they made no escaped the first victim of AIDS.
in the erosion of the unconventional lifestyle and moral circle claimed to engage in entertainment and art work are more easy to indulge their own behavior, the French actor Xirui Er - is such a corral. In the future he learned he was suffering from an incurable disease, a creative impulse that he used his personal experience of a film crew this is access to the current French Caesar Award for Caesar the French film awards on the eve of the film, Xirui Er - Corral died from AIDS. He used to record images of their stories, but also the final image done with his life.
Eros and For death is intertwined works of art through the ages in the eternal theme of one of the corral as a bisexual,UGG shoes, and unfortunately, my whole body was ill century, making him the chance to leave a gay love and death, to personal experience and experience about them, more than the other similar films with a layer of real and sharp.
to work in the arts as a people inevitably have a romantic life to the tendency to decorate He hopes to use his body to experience the life of every blooming. a man of the flesh of his enduring appeal, but the process of looking for the U.S. He also does not exclude the pretty girl. in the antiwar movement, the current Guardian university students shouted: climax gradually wears off, the individual support they needed to be alone to face the huge void, full personal life into the corner, the sex can not stop evolved into a style similar to drug dependency property, so that the meaningless life can only escape by opening the face of death after all.
but unexpected death happens, a mysterious virus begins its invasion of the human, ironically,Bailey UGG boots, this just depends on communication a human can not stop and give up activities to the natural expansion of its territory, it is only sigh: the dialectics of nature is really everywhere. Since then, the pleasure is the shadow of death, return to the family movement has a strong moral force.
so in the future before they die or to be the last fight, he did not use the way of protective measures is indeed sex is immoral, but morality
[Background]
1993 年 3 8, France Caesar Film Award Best Film Jury will be awarded four prizes of life three days ago to AIDS, only 35-year-old youth director, Cyril. corral the left as similar to the autobiographical film became his final glory, so that the second film in the French Caesar Award for a heavy sum in the history. At the award ceremony, Cyrillic is shown on the screen. corral the image of smiling , which has never been a victim in this gathering of living is so affecting the people. Although the disease claimed young lives were not able to attend the awards ceremony Corral, but that night has become a veritable corral of the night.
Cyrillic. corral DOB 19 December 1957 Born in Paris, an only child. His father was an engineer, later as head of the French Olympic Committee, the mother was a housewife. Corral versatile, has University of Reading Science and physics, but soon lost interest, he said: We love confusion, he has been punished. in just chose the occasion of a new way of life, tragic fate destined to land on his head. corral suffering from AIDS, when he learned after the work began energies , has written two novels and a number of songs, has shot more than television, and started planning the autobiographical novel, one. But his plans have been repeatedly shot producer refused, the male lead has to be painstakingly chosen, and many famous actors are worried about undermining their own image, Corral decided to determine their own set of writers, directors, actors in one, he also composed the film's songs, and singing himself. For him, these creative activities and to stop this evil beast the development of AIDS drug treatment as essential.
corral the talent and handsome screen image so that the dumping of a large audience in Paris, the film since October 21, 1992 premiere in Paris to March 1993, only six months, went to France alone, nearly 90 million people watch. Corral's untimely death makes the film almost a real life, the fact that film and the double life more exciting and shocking, the French set off a race to watch the With the birth of the film, French cinema has also raised the shining star, she played Laura in the film is 19-year-old French actress Luo Manna. Pollin if. corral to provide her with a full dream of the world the role of the actress, her performance was lifelike, flawless and so was the second Caesar Award for Best New Artist.
in a selection of actors, let get to know the pure beauty of the 17-year-old girl Lorna, though to be a homosexual, but still she can not help but attracted by the charming unique temperament. And Lorna from the beginning also like to let the two people began a romantic exchanges.
so by their own troubled by the reality of imminent death, he hoped that frankly face of everything, so, so tell by Lorna themselves like boys, and Lorna to feel more relaxed reaction to this innocent girl look of love that she will not mind of such behavior.
soon, so awareness of the tall, strong guy mm football Athletes in Competition meters from the first glance saw him, so to feel this is the man he needs. However, not forced to sleep with him m race, race can not accept and rice is also a man of love acts. but In this way between the two men, one similar to the friendship and sense of friendship over so that they recognize each other great attraction.
Lorna so young with a strong rebellious spirit, her work is child's play not only shows and to make love in and insisted not to use safety measures, it seems that the only way to prove her chastity and great love. but in fact she can not tolerate to the fickle, do not want to look for life in the erosion of self-destruction. to life in a chaotic state test a person can reach the limits of existence, only in drugs, promiscuous self-anesthesia, he will experience a physical existence is still alive.
time and friends gathering, or just enthusiastic to suddenly enveloped by a feeling of death, he was among the dead is not the oppression of their own, driven to distraction, he can only own use of alcohol anesthesia in order to escape the invasion of open awareness of death.
to wake up with a girlfriend and rice spooned race, when Lorna and saw this scene, she was angry that her love never selfish, not allow others to share. Then she began fragile spirit of hysteria, and even threat to commit suicide. In the face of all this, so in the home and less abroad, the only consolation is to return to the land settlements homosexuality, only gay in the silent touch to let him get complete relief.
Lorna because of mental The very poor state mental hospital by their families rest sent to the field, so that the induction of rice in race began under the body learn to use their own pleasure, the original line of defense lie in his heart was breaking, he not only became a homosexual, and became bloodthirsty and aggressive, until joining the gang.
tangle of three world collapse, let alone set foot on the search for the soul of the journey, he visited his parents, traveled corners of the earth, after the long-awaited He again found the Lorna. at this time Lorna had been great changes, she became calm, peaceful, although between loyal and to allow feelings, but the beginning has been reluctant to re-were to live. Finally, Lorna told to She has also been infected with the AIDS virus, but she did not regret his ever loving face. Let With feelings of guilt watching the sea rise and fall, the rising and sunset, he finally realized that things always is the place to start at the end, in the first place to the end of.
since the 20th century, early 80s, the first AIDS patient was found since the world has tens of millions of people infected with this fatal disease, HIV-positive people, that is, carriers of HIV, it is ill several times. seems to be really opened Pandora's Box in general, the human experience since he has produced the biggest one is difficult to cure disease challenges. as if the medieval Black Death swept through Europe comes again, all anxious, all Ziwei, especially in the 70's sexual liberation, people suddenly discovered that their excessive promiscuity is promoted The spread of the disease.
homosexuals in this century's nightmare attack magic, no doubt bear the brunt, even in a period of time, AIDS and homosexuality has become synonymous. particularly gay men, their way to become accustomed to sexual intercourse the main way the virus quickly infected, they made no escaped the first victim of AIDS.
in the erosion of the unconventional lifestyle and moral circle claimed to engage in entertainment and art work are more easy to indulge their own behavior, the French actor Xirui Er - is such a corral. In the future he learned he was suffering from an incurable disease, a creative impulse that he used his personal experience of a film crew this is access to the current French Caesar Award for Caesar the French film awards on the eve of the film, Xirui Er - Corral died from AIDS. He used to record images of their stories, but also the final image done with his life.
Eros and For death is intertwined works of art through the ages in the eternal theme of one of the corral as a bisexual,UGG shoes, and unfortunately, my whole body was ill century, making him the chance to leave a gay love and death, to personal experience and experience about them, more than the other similar films with a layer of real and sharp.
to work in the arts as a people inevitably have a romantic life to the tendency to decorate He hopes to use his body to experience the life of every blooming. a man of the flesh of his enduring appeal, but the process of looking for the U.S. He also does not exclude the pretty girl. in the antiwar movement, the current Guardian university students shouted: climax gradually wears off, the individual support they needed to be alone to face the huge void, full personal life into the corner, the sex can not stop evolved into a style similar to drug dependency property, so that the meaningless life can only escape by opening the face of death after all.
but unexpected death happens, a mysterious virus begins its invasion of the human, ironically,Bailey UGG boots, this just depends on communication a human can not stop and give up activities to the natural expansion of its territory, it is only sigh: the dialectics of nature is really everywhere. Since then, the pleasure is the shadow of death, return to the family movement has a strong moral force.
so in the future before they die or to be the last fight, he did not use the way of protective measures is indeed sex is immoral, but morality
[Background]
1993 年 3 8, France Caesar Film Award Best Film Jury will be awarded four prizes of life three days ago to AIDS, only 35-year-old youth director, Cyril. corral the left as similar to the autobiographical film became his final glory, so that the second film in the French Caesar Award for a heavy sum in the history. At the award ceremony, Cyrillic is shown on the screen. corral the image of smiling , which has never been a victim in this gathering of living is so affecting the people. Although the disease claimed young lives were not able to attend the awards ceremony Corral, but that night has become a veritable corral of the night.
Cyrillic. corral DOB 19 December 1957 Born in Paris, an only child. His father was an engineer, later as head of the French Olympic Committee, the mother was a housewife. Corral versatile, has University of Reading Science and physics, but soon lost interest, he said: We love confusion, he has been punished. in just chose the occasion of a new way of life, tragic fate destined to land on his head. corral suffering from AIDS, when he learned after the work began energies , has written two novels and a number of songs, has shot more than television, and started planning the autobiographical novel, one. But his plans have been repeatedly shot producer refused, the male lead has to be painstakingly chosen, and many famous actors are worried about undermining their own image, Corral decided to determine their own set of writers, directors, actors in one, he also composed the film's songs, and singing himself. For him, these creative activities and to stop this evil beast the development of AIDS drug treatment as essential.
corral the talent and handsome screen image so that the dumping of a large audience in Paris, the film since October 21, 1992 premiere in Paris to March 1993, only six months, went to France alone, nearly 90 million people watch. Corral's untimely death makes the film almost a real life, the fact that film and the double life more exciting and shocking, the French set off a race to watch the With the birth of the film, French cinema has also raised the shining star, she played Laura in the film is 19-year-old French actress Luo Manna. Pollin if. corral to provide her with a full dream of the world the role of the actress, her performance was lifelike, flawless and so was the second Caesar Award for Best New Artist.
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